$ sudo apt install build-essential gdb valgrind

$ gcc --version
gcc (Debian 12.2.0-14) 12.2.0
Copyright (C) 2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

$ make --version
GNU Make 4.3
Built for x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
Copyright (C) 1988-2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.

$ gdb --version
GNU gdb (Debian 13.1-3) 13.1
Copyright (C) 2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.

$ valgrind --version
valgrind-3.19.0

/* first-example.c */
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
  printf("Hello, world!\n");
  return 0;
}

$ gcc first-example.c
$ ./a.out
Hello, world!
$ rm a.out

* a.out : assembler output

$ gcc first-example.c -o first-example
$ ./first-example
Hello, world!
$ rm first-example

$ make first-example
cc     first-example.c   -o first-example
$ ./first-example
Hello, world!
$ rm first-example